What are the four primary types of manufacturing processes?

The four primary types of manufacturing processes recognized in the field are casting, machining, forming, and joining. Each of these processes plays a vital role in turning raw materials into finished products.

Casting involves pouring liquid material, typically metal, into a mold where it solidifies into the desired shape. This process is commonly used for creating complex components that may be difficult to achieve with other methods.

Machining refers to the subtractive manufacturing processes where material is removed from a workpiece to achieve precise dimensions and surface finishes. Techniques such as milling, turning, and drilling fall under this category.

Forming encompasses a range of processes that change the shape of materials, often through deformation without removing any material. This can include methods like forging, rolling, and bending which alter the material's structure to meet specific requirements.

Joining combines different materials to create a complete assembly, which might include welding, brazing, or adhesive bonding techniques. This step is crucial in manufacturing to combine various parts into a functional product.

The other answer choices suggest various activities and processes that are part of manufacturing but do not encompass the primary categories that define the fundamental ways materials are manipulated and transformed in manufacturing processes.